Stroke is the third-leading cause of death in the United States after heart disease and cancer and a leading cause of adult disability. Although more strokes occur in the elderly, stroke is also a major cause of disability and death among middle-aged people, according to the American Stroke Association (ASA).
What causes stroke?
Strokes occur when something interferes with the normal flow of blood to the central nervous system. Ischemic strokes are caused by clots that block the flow of blood through arteries. Hemorrhages occur when arteries burst inside or on the brain surface.
When blood flow is interrupted, the brain doesn't get the oxygen and nutrients it needs, and cells begin to die. Relatively few brain cells will be affected if the interruption is brief, and the person may recover fully. Otherwise, the ASA says, the damage may be severe and permanent.
The part of the brain that's damaged depends on the location of the stroke. Areas commonly affected include those that involve sensory perceptions, movement, memory, thought patterns, or behavior, and the ability to talk or understand speech.
Treatment for stroke victims includes medication, surgery, hospital care, and rehabilitation. If someone with a stroke goes to the hospital early enough, clot dissolving medication--called a thrombolytic or tPA--can be given.
No comments:
Post a Comment